Treating Constipation

Constipation is a common and often uncomfortable problem. Constipation means you have bowel movements fewer than 3 times per week. Or that you strain to pass hard, dry stool. It can last a short time. Or it can be a problem that never seems to go away. The good news is that it can often be treated and controlled.

Eat more fiber

One of the best ways to help treat constipation is to increase your fiber intake. You can do this either through diet or by using fiber supplements. Fiber (in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables) adds bulk and absorbs water to soften the stool. This helps the stool pass through the colon more easily. When you increase your fiber intake, do it slowly to prevent side effects such as bloating. Also increase the amount of water that you drink. Eating more of these foods can add fiber to your diet:

High-fiber cereals
Whole grains, bran, and brown rice
Vegetables such as carrots, broccoli, and greens
Fresh fruits (especially apples, pears, and dried fruits such as raisins and apricots)
Nuts and legumes (especially beans such as lentils, kidney beans, and lima beans)

Set a good routine

Go to the bathroom when you feel you need to. Don’t ignore the urge to have a bowel movement.
Set aside time after meals to go to the bathroom.

Get physically active

Exercise helps improve the working of your colon which helps ease constipation. Try to get some physical activity every day. If you haven’t been active for a while, talk with your healthcare provider before starting again.

Woman in comfortable clothes walking outside carrying bottle of water.

Consider other choices

Laxatives. Your healthcare provider may suggest an over-the-counter product to help ease your constipation. They may suggest using bulk-forming products or laxatives. Laxatives are common and safe if used as directed. Follow directions carefully when using them. See your provider for new constipation or long-term constipation. This is to rule out other causes such as certain medicines or other health conditions. See your provider if you have rectal bleeding.
Pelvic floor training. Biofeedback and pelvic physical therapy (PT) may be helpful. They can help if you have pelvic floor problems that may be lead to constipation. For biofeedback, the healthcare provider puts sensors in and outside your anus. This helps you learn how to find and relax the muscles during a bowel movement so you don't get constipated. With PT, you'll learn exercises to help have normal bowel movements and prevent constipation. You may be taught different positions to use to keep from straining during a bowel movement.